ef379bcca6
- 添加完整的Linux部署文档（LINUX_DEPLOYMENT_GUIDE.md） - 包含本地打包、服务器配置、数据库设置、Nginx配置等完整步骤 - 添加自动化部署脚本（deploy-linux.sh） - 支持Ubuntu/Debian和CentOS/RHEL系统 - 包含故障排查、性能监控、安全建议等内容
847 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
847 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
# 🐧 Linux 云端部署完整指南
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本文档提供将项目打包并部署到Linux云服务器的完整步骤。
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---
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## 📦 一、本地打包（Windows/Mac）
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### 1.1 打包后端JAR文件
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在项目根目录（`demo/`）执行：
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```bash
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# Windows (PowerShell)
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.\mvnw.cmd clean package -DskipTests
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# Linux/Mac
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./mvnw clean package -DskipTests
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```
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打包成功后，JAR文件位置：
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```
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demo/target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
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```
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### 1.2 打包前端
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```bash
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# 进入前端目录
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cd frontend
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# 安装依赖（首次需要）
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npm install
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# 构建生产版本
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npm run build
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```
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构建成功后，前端文件位置：
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```
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demo/frontend/dist/
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```
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### 1.3 准备部署文件
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创建部署包目录结构：
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```bash
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# 在项目根目录创建部署包
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mkdir -p deploy-package
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mkdir -p deploy-package/backend
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mkdir -p deploy-package/frontend
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mkdir -p deploy-package/scripts
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mkdir -p deploy-package/config
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# 复制文件
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cp target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar deploy-package/backend/
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cp -r frontend/dist/* deploy-package/frontend/
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cp deploy.sh deploy-package/scripts/
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```
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---
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## 🚀 二、服务器环境准备
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### 2.1 连接服务器
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```bash
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# 使用SSH连接服务器
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ssh username@your-server-ip
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# 或使用密钥
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ssh -i ~/.ssh/your-key.pem username@your-server-ip
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```
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### 2.2 安装必需软件
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#### Ubuntu/Debian
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```bash
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# 更新系统
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sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
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# 安装Java 21
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sudo apt install -y openjdk-21-jdk
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# 验证Java安装
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java -version
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# 应该显示: openjdk version "21.x.x"
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# 安装MySQL 8.0
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sudo apt install -y mysql-server
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# 启动MySQL服务
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sudo systemctl start mysql
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sudo systemctl enable mysql
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# 安装FFmpeg（视频处理需要）
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sudo apt install -y ffmpeg
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# 验证FFmpeg安装
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ffmpeg -version
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# 安装Nginx（反向代理）
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sudo apt install -y nginx
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# 安装Maven（可选，用于重新构建）
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sudo apt install -y maven
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```
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#### CentOS/RHEL
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```bash
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# 更新系统
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sudo yum update -y
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# 安装Java 21
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sudo yum install -y java-21-openjdk java-21-openjdk-devel
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# 安装MySQL 8.0
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sudo yum install -y mysql-server
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# 启动MySQL服务
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sudo systemctl start mysqld
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sudo systemctl enable mysqld
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# 安装FFmpeg
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sudo yum install -y epel-release
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sudo yum install -y ffmpeg
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# 安装Nginx
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sudo yum install -y nginx
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```
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### 2.3 创建应用目录
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```bash
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# 创建应用目录结构
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sudo mkdir -p /app/aigc-platform
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sudo mkdir -p /app/aigc-platform/{logs,uploads,temp,config,backend,frontend}
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# 设置权限
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sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /app/aigc-platform
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chmod -R 755 /app/aigc-platform
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```
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---
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## 🗄️ 三、数据库配置
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### 3.1 配置MySQL
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```bash
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# 安全配置MySQL（首次安装）
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sudo mysql_secure_installation
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# 登录MySQL
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sudo mysql -u root -p
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```
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### 3.2 创建数据库和用户
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```sql
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-- 创建数据库
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CREATE DATABASE aigc_platform CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
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-- 创建用户（替换'your_password'为强密码）
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CREATE USER 'aigc_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';
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-- 授予权限
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON aigc_platform.* TO 'aigc_user'@'localhost';
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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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-- 退出
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EXIT;
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```
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### 3.3 优化MySQL配置
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编辑MySQL配置文件：
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```bash
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# Ubuntu/Debian
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sudo nano /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
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# CentOS/RHEL
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sudo nano /etc/my.cnf
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```
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添加/修改以下配置：
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```ini
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[mysqld]
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# 字符集
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character-set-server=utf8mb4
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collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
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# 连接数（50人并发）
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max_connections=100
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max_user_connections=50
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# 缓冲池（根据内存调整，8GB服务器建议2-4GB）
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innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G
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# 日志
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slow_query_log=1
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slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql/slow-query.log
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long_query_time=2
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# 时区
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default-time-zone='+08:00'
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```
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重启MySQL：
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```bash
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sudo systemctl restart mysql
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```
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---
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## 📤 四、上传文件到服务器
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### 4.1 使用SCP上传（推荐）
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在**本地**执行：
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```bash
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# 上传JAR文件
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scp target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar username@your-server-ip:/app/aigc-platform/backend/
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# 上传前端文件
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scp -r frontend/dist/* username@your-server-ip:/app/aigc-platform/frontend/
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# 或使用rsync（更高效）
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rsync -avz frontend/dist/ username@your-server-ip:/app/aigc-platform/frontend/
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```
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### 4.2 使用FTP/SFTP工具
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使用FileZilla、WinSCP等工具上传文件到：
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- JAR文件 → `/app/aigc-platform/backend/`
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- 前端文件 → `/app/aigc-platform/frontend/`
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### 4.3 使用Git（如果服务器有Git）
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```bash
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# 在服务器上克隆仓库
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cd /app/aigc-platform
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git clone ssh://git@your-git-server/path/to/repo.git
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# 构建
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cd repo/demo
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./mvnw clean package -DskipTests
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cp target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /app/aigc-platform/backend/
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```
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---
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## ⚙️ 五、应用配置
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### 5.1 创建配置文件
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在服务器上创建配置文件：
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```bash
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# 创建生产环境配置
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sudo nano /app/aigc-platform/config/application-prod.properties
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```
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配置文件内容：
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```properties
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# 数据库配置
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spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/aigc_platform?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
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spring.datasource.username=aigc_user
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spring.datasource.password=your_password
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spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
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# 连接池配置（50人并发）
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spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=30
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spring.datasource.hikari.minimum-idle=10
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spring.datasource.hikari.connection-timeout=30000
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spring.datasource.hikari.idle-timeout=600000
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spring.datasource.hikari.max-lifetime=1800000
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# JPA配置
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spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
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spring.jpa.show-sql=false
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spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
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spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect
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# 服务器配置
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server.port=8080
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server.tomcat.threads.max=150
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server.tomcat.threads.min-spare=20
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server.tomcat.max-connections=200
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server.tomcat.accept-count=100
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# JWT配置
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jwt.secret=your-jwt-secret-key-change-this-to-random-string
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jwt.expiration=86400000
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# AI API配置（从环境变量读取）
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ai.api.base-url=${AI_API_BASE_URL:https://api.openai.com}
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ai.api.key=${AI_API_KEY:your-api-key}
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ai.image.api.base-url=${AI_IMAGE_API_BASE_URL:https://api.openai.com}
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ai.image.api.key=${AI_IMAGE_API_KEY:your-api-key}
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# 文件上传配置
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app.upload.path=${UPLOAD_PATH:/app/aigc-platform/uploads}
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spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=100MB
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spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=100MB
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# 日志配置
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logging.level.root=INFO
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logging.level.com.example.demo=DEBUG
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logging.file.path=/app/aigc-platform/logs
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logging.file.name=${logging.file.path}/application.log
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logging.pattern.file=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
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# 时区
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spring.jackson.time-zone=Asia/Shanghai
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```
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### 5.2 创建环境变量文件（可选）
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```bash
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sudo nano /app/aigc-platform/config/.env
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```
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```bash
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# 数据库配置
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export DB_URL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/aigc_platform?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"
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export DB_USERNAME="aigc_user"
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export DB_PASSWORD="your_password"
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# JWT密钥（生成随机密钥）
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export JWT_SECRET="$(openssl rand -base64 64)"
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# AI API密钥
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export AI_API_KEY="your-api-key"
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export AI_IMAGE_API_KEY="your-api-key"
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# 文件路径
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export UPLOAD_PATH="/app/aigc-platform/uploads"
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export TEMP_DIR="/app/aigc-platform/temp"
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export FFMPEG_PATH="/usr/bin/ffmpeg"
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```
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---
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## 🔧 六、创建Systemd服务
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### 6.1 创建服务文件
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```bash
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sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/aigc-platform.service
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```
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服务文件内容：
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```ini
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[Unit]
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Description=AIGC Platform Application
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After=network.target mysql.service
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Requires=mysql.service
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[Service]
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Type=simple
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User=your-username
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Group=your-group
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WorkingDirectory=/app/aigc-platform/backend
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# 环境变量（可选，如果使用.env文件）
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# EnvironmentFile=/app/aigc-platform/config/.env
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# JVM参数（根据服务器内存调整）
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# 8GB内存服务器建议：-Xms1g -Xmx4g
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# 16GB内存服务器建议：-Xms2g -Xmx8g
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/java \
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-Xms1g \
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-Xmx4g \
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-XX:+UseG1GC \
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-XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=200 \
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-Dspring.profiles.active=prod \
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-Dspring.config.location=file:/app/aigc-platform/config/application-prod.properties \
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-jar /app/aigc-platform/backend/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
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# 重启策略
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Restart=always
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RestartSec=10
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# 日志
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StandardOutput=journal
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StandardError=journal
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SyslogIdentifier=aigc-platform
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# 安全设置
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NoNewPrivileges=true
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PrivateTmp=true
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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```
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**重要：** 将 `your-username` 和 `your-group` 替换为实际的用户名和组。
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### 6.2 启动服务
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```bash
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# 重新加载systemd配置
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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# 启用服务（开机自启）
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sudo systemctl enable aigc-platform
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# 启动服务
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sudo systemctl start aigc-platform
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# 查看服务状态
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sudo systemctl status aigc-platform
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# 查看日志
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sudo journalctl -u aigc-platform -f
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```
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### 6.3 常用服务管理命令
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```bash
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# 启动服务
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sudo systemctl start aigc-platform
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# 停止服务
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sudo systemctl stop aigc-platform
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# 重启服务
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sudo systemctl restart aigc-platform
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# 查看状态
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sudo systemctl status aigc-platform
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# 查看日志
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sudo journalctl -u aigc-platform -n 100 -f
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# 查看最近错误
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sudo journalctl -u aigc-platform -p err -n 50
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```
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---
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## 🌐 七、Nginx反向代理配置
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### 7.1 创建Nginx配置
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```bash
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sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/aigc-platform
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```
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配置内容：
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```nginx
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# HTTP服务器（重定向到HTTPS）
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name your-domain.com www.your-domain.com;
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# 重定向到HTTPS
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return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
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}
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# HTTPS服务器
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server {
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listen 443 ssl http2;
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server_name your-domain.com www.your-domain.com;
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# SSL证书配置（使用Let's Encrypt）
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ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain.com/fullchain.pem;
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ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain.com/privkey.pem;
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ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
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ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
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ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
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# 日志
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access_log /var/log/nginx/aigc-platform-access.log;
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error_log /var/log/nginx/aigc-platform-error.log;
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# 客户端最大上传大小
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client_max_body_size 100M;
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# API代理
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location /api/ {
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proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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# WebSocket支持（如果需要）
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
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# 超时设置
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proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
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proxy_send_timeout 60s;
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proxy_read_timeout 60s;
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}
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# 上传文件代理
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location /uploads/ {
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proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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# 缓存设置
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expires 7d;
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add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
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}
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# 前端静态文件
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location / {
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root /app/aigc-platform/frontend;
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index index.html;
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try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
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# 缓存设置
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location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot)$ {
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expires 1y;
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||
add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
# 健康检查
|
||
location /health {
|
||
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/actuator/health;
|
||
access_log off;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 7.2 启用配置
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 创建符号链接
|
||
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/aigc-platform /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
|
||
|
||
# 测试配置
|
||
sudo nginx -t
|
||
|
||
# 重新加载Nginx
|
||
sudo systemctl reload nginx
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 7.3 配置SSL证书（Let's Encrypt）
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 安装Certbot
|
||
sudo apt install -y certbot python3-certbot-nginx
|
||
|
||
# 获取证书（自动配置Nginx）
|
||
sudo certbot --nginx -d your-domain.com -d www.your-domain.com
|
||
|
||
# 测试自动续期
|
||
sudo certbot renew --dry-run
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## ✅ 八、验证部署
|
||
|
||
### 8.1 检查服务状态
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 检查应用服务
|
||
sudo systemctl status aigc-platform
|
||
|
||
# 检查MySQL服务
|
||
sudo systemctl status mysql
|
||
|
||
# 检查Nginx服务
|
||
sudo systemctl status nginx
|
||
|
||
# 检查端口占用
|
||
sudo netstat -tlnp | grep -E '8080|80|443'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 8.2 测试API
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 测试健康检查
|
||
curl http://localhost:8080/actuator/health
|
||
|
||
# 测试API（需要认证）
|
||
curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/api/auth/login \
|
||
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
|
||
-d '{"username":"test","password":"test"}'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 8.3 测试前端
|
||
|
||
在浏览器中访问：
|
||
- HTTP: `http://your-server-ip`
|
||
- HTTPS: `https://your-domain.com`
|
||
|
||
### 8.4 检查日志
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 应用日志
|
||
tail -f /app/aigc-platform/logs/application.log
|
||
|
||
# 系统日志
|
||
sudo journalctl -u aigc-platform -f
|
||
|
||
# Nginx日志
|
||
sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/aigc-platform-access.log
|
||
sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/aigc-platform-error.log
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 🔄 九、更新部署
|
||
|
||
### 9.1 更新后端
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 1. 停止服务
|
||
sudo systemctl stop aigc-platform
|
||
|
||
# 2. 备份旧版本
|
||
cp /app/aigc-platform/backend/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar \
|
||
/app/aigc-platform/backend/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar.backup
|
||
|
||
# 3. 上传新版本（从本地）
|
||
# scp target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar username@server:/app/aigc-platform/backend/
|
||
|
||
# 4. 启动服务
|
||
sudo systemctl start aigc-platform
|
||
|
||
# 5. 检查状态
|
||
sudo systemctl status aigc-platform
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 9.2 更新前端
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 1. 备份旧版本
|
||
cp -r /app/aigc-platform/frontend /app/aigc-platform/frontend.backup
|
||
|
||
# 2. 上传新版本（从本地）
|
||
# scp -r frontend/dist/* username@server:/app/aigc-platform/frontend/
|
||
|
||
# 3. 重新加载Nginx
|
||
sudo systemctl reload nginx
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 🛠️ 十、故障排查
|
||
|
||
### 10.1 应用无法启动
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 查看详细日志
|
||
sudo journalctl -u aigc-platform -n 100
|
||
|
||
# 检查Java版本
|
||
java -version
|
||
|
||
# 检查端口占用
|
||
sudo lsof -i :8080
|
||
|
||
# 检查文件权限
|
||
ls -la /app/aigc-platform/backend/
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 10.2 数据库连接失败
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 测试MySQL连接
|
||
mysql -u aigc_user -p aigc_platform
|
||
|
||
# 检查MySQL服务
|
||
sudo systemctl status mysql
|
||
|
||
# 查看MySQL日志
|
||
sudo tail -f /var/log/mysql/error.log
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 10.3 Nginx配置错误
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 测试配置
|
||
sudo nginx -t
|
||
|
||
# 查看错误日志
|
||
sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 10.4 内存不足
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 查看内存使用
|
||
free -h
|
||
|
||
# 查看Java进程内存
|
||
ps aux | grep java
|
||
|
||
# 调整JVM参数（在systemd服务文件中）
|
||
# -Xms1g -Xmx4g # 减少内存使用
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 📊 十一、性能监控
|
||
|
||
### 11.1 系统监控
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# CPU和内存使用
|
||
top
|
||
htop # 如果安装了
|
||
|
||
# 磁盘使用
|
||
df -h
|
||
|
||
# 网络连接
|
||
netstat -an | grep ESTABLISHED | wc -l
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 11.2 应用监控
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 查看JVM内存使用
|
||
jstat -gc <pid> 1000
|
||
|
||
# 查看线程
|
||
jstack <pid>
|
||
|
||
# 查看应用日志
|
||
tail -f /app/aigc-platform/logs/application.log | grep ERROR
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 🔒 十二、安全建议
|
||
|
||
1. **防火墙配置**
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 只开放必要端口
|
||
sudo ufw allow 22/tcp # SSH
|
||
sudo ufw allow 80/tcp # HTTP
|
||
sudo ufw allow 443/tcp # HTTPS
|
||
sudo ufw enable
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
2. **定期备份**
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 备份数据库
|
||
mysqldump -u aigc_user -p aigc_platform > backup_$(date +%Y%m%d).sql
|
||
|
||
# 备份上传文件
|
||
tar -czf uploads_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /app/aigc-platform/uploads
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
3. **更新系统**
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 📝 快速部署脚本
|
||
|
||
创建一键部署脚本 `deploy-linux.sh`：
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
#!/bin/bash
|
||
set -e
|
||
|
||
echo "🚀 开始部署 AIGC 平台..."
|
||
|
||
# 检查Java
|
||
if ! command -v java &> /dev/null; then
|
||
echo "❌ Java未安装，请先安装Java 21"
|
||
exit 1
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
# 检查MySQL
|
||
if ! systemctl is-active --quiet mysql; then
|
||
echo "❌ MySQL服务未运行"
|
||
exit 1
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
# 停止服务
|
||
echo "🛑 停止服务..."
|
||
sudo systemctl stop aigc-platform || true
|
||
|
||
# 备份
|
||
echo "💾 备份旧版本..."
|
||
BACKUP_DIR="/app/aigc-platform/backup/$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"
|
||
mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR
|
||
cp /app/aigc-platform/backend/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar $BACKUP_DIR/ || true
|
||
|
||
# 启动服务
|
||
echo "▶️ 启动服务..."
|
||
sudo systemctl start aigc-platform
|
||
|
||
# 等待启动
|
||
sleep 5
|
||
|
||
# 检查状态
|
||
if systemctl is-active --quiet aigc-platform; then
|
||
echo "✅ 部署成功！"
|
||
sudo systemctl status aigc-platform
|
||
else
|
||
echo "❌ 部署失败，查看日志："
|
||
sudo journalctl -u aigc-platform -n 50
|
||
exit 1
|
||
fi
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
使用：
|
||
```bash
|
||
chmod +x deploy-linux.sh
|
||
./deploy-linux.sh
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 📞 支持
|
||
|
||
如遇问题，请检查：
|
||
1. 日志文件：`/app/aigc-platform/logs/application.log`
|
||
2. 系统日志：`sudo journalctl -u aigc-platform`
|
||
3. Nginx日志：`/var/log/nginx/aigc-platform-error.log`
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
**部署完成后，访问：**
|
||
- 前端：`https://your-domain.com`
|
||
- API：`https://your-domain.com/api`
|
||
- 健康检查：`https://your-domain.com/health`
|
||
|