diff --git a/.devcontainer/external/devcontainer.json b/.devcontainer/external/devcontainer.json
index dc0e2f7..4a0dd3c 100644
--- a/.devcontainer/external/devcontainer.json
+++ b/.devcontainer/external/devcontainer.json
@@ -27,5 +27,9 @@
         "SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE": "dev",
         "K12STUDY_DEV_MODE": "external"
     },
-    "postCreateCommand": "cd /workspaces/K12study"
+
+    "remoteUser": "codespace",
+    "updateRemoteUserUID": true,
+
+    "postCreateCommand": "sudo chown -R codespace:codespace /pnpm-store /workspaces/K12study/frontend/node_modules"
 }
diff --git a/.devcontainer/external/docker-compose.yml b/.devcontainer/external/docker-compose.yml
index e91862a..bc9e068 100644
--- a/.devcontainer/external/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/.devcontainer/external/docker-compose.yml
@@ -3,9 +3,17 @@ services:
     image: mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/universal:2
     volumes:
       - ../../:/workspaces/K12study:cached
+      - frontend-node-modules:/workspaces/K12study/frontend/node_modules
+      - pnpm-store:/pnpm-store
     working_dir: /workspaces/K12study
     command: sleep infinity
+    user: 1000:1000  # 👈 强制权限，最关键
     environment:
+      NPM_CONFIG_USER: 1000
+      PNPM_HOME: /pnpm-store
+      PNPM_STORE_DIR: /pnpm-store
+
+      # 你原来的所有环境变量...
       K12STUDY_DB_HOST: ${K12STUDY_DB_HOST:-host.docker.internal}
       K12STUDY_DB_PORT: ${K12STUDY_DB_PORT:-5432}
       K12STUDY_DB_NAME: ${K12STUDY_DB_NAME:-k12study}
@@ -30,3 +38,7 @@ services:
       PYTHONUNBUFFERED: "1"
     extra_hosts:
       - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"
+
+volumes:
+  frontend-node-modules:
+  pnpm-store:
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.devcontainer/internal/devcontainer.json b/.devcontainer/internal/devcontainer.json
index 61dad36..c8202ee 100644
--- a/.devcontainer/internal/devcontainer.json
+++ b/.devcontainer/internal/devcontainer.json
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@
         "SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE": "dev",
         "K12STUDY_DEV_MODE": "internal"
     },
-    "postCreateCommand": "cd /workspaces/K12study/frontend && pnpm install"
+    "postCreateCommand": "sudo chown -R codespace:codespace /pnpm-store /workspaces/K12study/frontend/node_modules && cd /workspaces/K12study/frontend && pnpm install"
 }
diff --git a/.devcontainer/internal/docker-compose.yml b/.devcontainer/internal/docker-compose.yml
index 8de14a7..e0574f6 100644
--- a/.devcontainer/internal/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/.devcontainer/internal/docker-compose.yml
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ services:
     image: mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/universal:2
     volumes:
       - ../../:/workspaces/K12study:cached
+      - frontend-node-modules:/workspaces/K12study/frontend/node_modules
+      - pnpm-store:/pnpm-store
     working_dir: /workspaces/K12study
     command: sleep infinity
     environment:
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ services:
       K12STUDY_VECTOR_PORT: 19530
       K12STUDY_VECTOR_HTTP_PORT: 9091
       PYTHONUNBUFFERED: "1"
+      PNPM_STORE_DIR: /pnpm-store
     depends_on:
       - postgres
       - redis
@@ -151,6 +154,8 @@ services:
       - milvus-dev-data:/var/lib/milvus
 
 volumes:
+  frontend-node-modules:
+  pnpm-store:
   postgres-dev-data:
   redis-dev-data:
   nacos-dev-logs: